Investigating the Effect of Using a Drain on Changes in Fe, TIBC and Hb Levels in Knee Joint Replacement Surgery

Mohammadi, Mohammad; Pirmohamadi, Hosein; Raei, Mahdi; Vaziri, Kavoos; Haji, Sadra; Rahimi, Mohsen; Ghazale, Amir Hosein

doi:10.22034/ijos.2025.546574.1154

Investigating the Effect of Using a Drain on Changes in Fe, TIBC and Hb Levels in Knee Joint Replacement Surgery

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Mohammad Mohammadi ¹ ^¶

Hosein Pirmohamadi ²

Mahdi Raei ³ ^¶

Kavoos Vaziri ² ^¶

Sadra Haji ² ^¶

Mohsen Rahimi ⁴ ^¶

Amir Hosein Ghazale ² ^¶

¹ Student Research Committee, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

² Department of Orthopedics, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

³ Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

⁴ Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

https://doi.org/10.22034/ijos.2025.546574.1154

Abstract

Introduction: Knee osteoarthritis is one of the most common causes of joint pain and destruction in people over forty years old. This research has investigated the effect of using a drain on Fe, TIBC, and Hb levels in knee joint replacement surgery in a 6-months period, as a prospective cohort study.
Materials & Methods: All patients who were candidates for knee joint replacement in one hospital, were included in a prospective study. The grouping of patients included those who had post-operative drain (45 patients)and the ones with no drain (45 cases). and the control group were those who did not undergo drainage after the intervention. Fe, TIBC, and Hb levels were compared 3 months post-surgery.
Results & Discussion: A total of 21 men and 69 women were in the case and control groups. The average age in the case group was 67.67 years and in the control group was 68.96. The confounding variables considered in this study, including age, gender, and underlying diseases (including hypertension, diabetes, and hypothyroidism) were examined in both groups, and there was no significant difference between the group with and without a drain; Therefore, the difference between the two groups in this study was caused by the blood indices. However, the ferritin level of preoperative patients was different in the two groups. The most important blood index that was significant in all analyzes was hemoglobin changes before and after the operation. Also, significant changes in TIBC were present.
Conclusion: Drain use in knee replacement surgery results in less HB drop. Good blood loss strajedy can lower the drop in TIBC in 3 months follow-up.

Keywords

Hemoglobins, Total knee replacement, Drainage

Subjects