Iranian Journal of Orthopedic Surgery

Abstract Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a common degenerative joint disease that mostly impacts adults over 5 years of age. Its prevalence is considerably higher in women, individuals with excess body weight and people with prior joint trauma. Current treatment strategies primarily focus on symptom control, which underscores the urgent need for more effective and disease-modifying therapies. Recent advances in both nonsurgical and surgical modalities have introduced promising regenerative options. Therapeutic modalities notably mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) have demonstrated substantial potential in attenuating inflammatory responses and facilitating cartilage regeneration, particularly during the early pathological phases of knee osteoarthritis. Intra-articular hyaluronic acid (HA) injections provide only temporary symptomatic relief and show limited long-term efficacy. For advanced cases, surgical interventions including autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) and knee arthroplasty (TKA) remain viable options, with their associated risks and complications. Personalized treatment approaches based on disease severity, progression, and patient-specific factors are likely to yield optimal outcomes. Future directions in KOA management may include gene-edited MSCs, smart implants, and the integration of machine learning to enhance therapeutic precision and long-term success.

Abstract Introduction: The most common cause of knee pain is knee osteoarthritis, many surgical and non-surgical treatments have been proposed but the preferred treatment remains unknown. One of the non-surgical treatments was PRP (plasma reach platate) injection in these patients. Various studies have shown the improvement of the effect of PRP injection with substances such as calcium gluconate, so the aim of this study was to evaluate the effectof PRP with and without calcium gluconate on the clinical results of intra-articular injection of this substance in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
Methods: This was a cohort study in which patients were divided into two groups: PRP injection and PRP injection with calcium gluconate. The results of the study were evaluated by KOOS questionnaire and pain by VAS. A significance level of 0.05 was considered.
Result: Generally, during the study, the pain level in patients after receiving both treatments significantly decreased during the six-month period, while the pain in the case group significantly decreased. (P Value <0.05).
Discussion: From the results of this study, it can be concluded that simultaneous injection of PRP and calcium gluconate can further improve the results of injection.

Abstract Abstract Background: Knee osteoarthritis is one of the common diseases in humans and due to its increasing spread, early diagnosis of this disease is very important. Consideration of cartilage volume in knee osteoarthritis studies from radiological images is very necessary. The aim of this study is to help improve the diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis with the help of artificial intelligence and image processing techniques. Methods: This is a diagnostic study that has been evaluated on 957 MRI images. Images were collected from Tehran Hospital database, such that 111 samples were related to healthy individuals and 48 samples to people with knee osteoarthritis. In this study, in order to diagnose osteoarthritis automatically, a new method called “image distinguishing and teaching it to artificial neural network”,using MATLAB software was used. MRI images were received and after pre-processing they were processed to diagnose osteoarthritis conditions with the help of artificial neural networks. Findings: Experiments show acceptable performance of the proposed method, such that using this technique the diagnose of knee osteoarthritis was possible, with 93% accuracy. Results: the proposed model can be used in screening plans in order to identify people in danger of developing osteoarthritis and can serve as doctor assistants.