Iranian Journal of Orthopedic Surgery

Abstract The history of the new nailing method dates back to Gerhard Küntscher, who introduced this concept in Germany in 1940. He believed in two general principles: Stable fixation and fixation of fractures without opening the fracture site. In the beginning, primary nails with various weaknesses were only used in fractures of femur. Over time, effective changes were made in the design and insertion of bone nails. This article aimed to review the evolution of the design of nails and simple but significantly important principles of inserting nails in long bones. In any case, lack of adherence to these simple principles by surgeons leads to lack of desirable fixation.